Finland's Prime Minister Sanna Marin called on Thursday for governments and companies to do more to ensure women were treated fairly, saying equality would not happen by itself.
Gender parity is a big theme at the 50th annual World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Davos, with a host of reports highlighting continued wealth and opportunity gaps worldwide.
Marin, the world's youngest prime minister at the age of 34, said it was not "that big a deal" for women to be in power in Finland but she welcomed the debate her election had triggered.
"Hopefully in the future it will be the new normal," Marin told a less-than-full session on gender parity, where most of the audience was women.
"We need laws and we need structures that lead the way to gender equality ... it just doesn't happen by itself."
About 3,000 members of the political, philanthropic and corporate elite - gathered for four days in the Swiss Alps - have heard how the free market fails women, who do most domestic work and caring, limiting their paid opportunities.
An Oxfam report released as the summit opened found women and girls did three-quarters of unpaid work, putting in 12.4 billion hours a day - worth $10.8 trillion a year.
A WEF report last month said it would take 99.5 years to close the gender gap across politics, economics, health and education, according to current trends.
A WEF spokesman said female participation among the attendees at the summit had risen to 24% this year from 22% last year with a commitment by the organisation to double it by 2030.
As well as Marin, other headliners ranged from German Chancellor Angela Merkel to 17-year-old Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg and Bollywood actor Deepika Padukone.
"But equality isn't something that is only a women's issue, it is also an issue for men," said Marin, elected last month.
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